Fatty Liver (Hepatic Steatosis)
Fatty liver, also known as hepatic steatosis, is a condition where extra fat builds up in the liver. It is common and often linked to lifestyle factors such as obesity, diabetes, and excessive alcohol intake. In many cases, it does not cause symptoms, but if untreated, it can lead to liver damage.
Causes of Fatty Liver
• Obesity
• Type 2 diabetes
• High cholesterol or triglycerides
• Excessive alcohol use
• Sedentary lifestyle
• Certain medications
Symptoms
Fatty liver is often silent in early stages. Some people may experience:
• Tiredness
• Discomfort in the upper right abdomen
• Unexplained weight loss
• Weakness
Diagnosis
Fatty liver is often discovered during routine tests. Methods include:
• Blood tests (liver function tests)
• Ultrasound
• CT or MRI scan
• Liver biopsy (in some cases)
Management and Lifestyle Changes
There is no specific medicine for fatty liver, but it can often be reversed with lifestyle changes:
• Maintain a healthy weight
• Eat a balanced diet (fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins)
• Avoid alcohol
• Exercise regularly (at least 30 minutes, 5 days a week)
• Manage diabetes, cholesterol, and blood pressure
• Take medicines only as prescribed
Possible Complications if Untreated
• Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)
• Liver fibrosis (scarring)
• Cirrhosis
• Liver cancer
When to See a Doctor
Seek medical advice if you have persistent tiredness, unexplained weight loss, yellowing of the skin (jaundice), or abdominal swelling.
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