Diabetes occurs when the body either does not produce enough insulin or cannot use insulin effectively. Insulin is a hormone that helps glucose move from the bloodstream into cells, where it is used for energy.
When insulin is insufficient or ineffective, glucose builds up in the blood, resulting in high blood sugar levels.
Common Symptoms of Diabetes
Some people with type 2 diabetes may have few or no symptoms initially. Common symptoms can include:
Frequent urination
Increased thirst
Increased hunger
Unexplained weight loss
Fatigue or weakness
Blurred vision
Slow-healing cuts or wounds
Frequent infections
Tingling or numbness in the hands or feet
If these symptoms occur, medical evaluation and blood glucose testing are recommended.
What Causes Diabetes?
The causes vary depending on the type of diabetes. Type 1 diabetes is primarily related to an autoimmune process, while type 2 diabetes is influenced by a combination of genetic and lifestyle factors.
Risk factors for type 2 diabetes may include:
Family history of diabetes
Overweight or obesity
Physical inactivity
Unhealthy dietary patterns
Increasing age
History of gestational diabetes
Certain hormonal or metabolic conditions
How Is Diabetes Diagnosed?
Diabetes can be diagnosed using blood tests such as:
Fasting blood glucose
HbA1c (glycated haemoglobin)
Oral glucose tolerance test
Random blood glucose, when appropriate
HbA1c provides an indication of average blood glucose levels over approximately the previous 2–3 months.
A healthcare professional should interpret test results and confirm the diagnosis where necessary.
If you experience symptoms such as excessive thirst, frequent urination, unexplained weight loss or persistent fatigue, consult a healthcare professional. People with risk factors for diabetes should also consider regular screening.
Diabetes is a manageable condition, but it requires long-term attention and regular monitoring. Early diagnosis, a healthy lifestyle, appropriate medication and routine medical check-ups can help maintain better blood glucose control and reduce the risk of complications.
Do not ignore persistent symptoms or abnormal blood sugar readings. Consult a specialist Dr, Hardik Thakker for personalised advice and treatment.
Book an appointment on 08048038640
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